πῶλος

πῶλος
πῶλος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; Ps-Phoc. 126; Just; Philo.)
① young animal, foal (orig. ‘colt of a horse’: Hom. et al.; besides, it refers to a horse that is old enough to use: Hipponax 41 Diehl; Anacr. 88 D.; X., De Re Equ. 1, 6 al.; PGM 2, 95; then any ‘young animal’ [Aristot. et al.], the term being applied to any young animal born of its kind, from an elephant to a locust, depending on context; WBauer, The ‘Colt’ of Palm Sunday [Der Palmesel]: JBL 72, ’53, 220–29: the German original in WBauer, Aufsätze u. Kleine Schriften, ed. GStrecker, ’67, 109–20. For an ass cp. exx. fr. Geopon., 16, 21, 6; PLille and BGU 373, 7; Gen 32:15; 49:11ab) ὄνος κ. πῶλος μετʼ αὐτῆς an ass, and a colt with her Mt 21:2; cp. vs. 7 and the quotation in vs. 5; also J 12:15: all three echoing Zech 9:9, whose ὑποζύγιον is correctly termed an ὄνος: foal of an ass. See PNepper-Christensen, Das Mt-evangelium, ’58, 143–48.
② horse is meant when π. stands alone without indication that it is a foal, and it can refer to any age from the time of being a foal to a grown working animal: Mk 11:2, 4f, 7; Lk 19:30, 33ab, 35.—Just., A I, 54, 7 τὸ τοῦ πώλου ὄνομα καὶ ὄνου πῶλον καὶ ἵππου σημαίνειν ἐδύνατο=‘the term π. was able to signify both the foal of an ass and of a horse’; but there is no evidence that the term π. was ever used without further qualification in the sense of ‘ass’ or ‘foal of an ass’; s. Bauer (1 above), who prefers horse for the passages in Mk and Lk. Most Eng. translations render π. with ‘colt’, and it is difficult to determine what kind of animal is meant in their versions of Mk and Luke, inasmuch as, similar to Greek usage, ‘colt’, when unqualified, is ordinarily associated with a young male horse, although such popular limitation was not the case in earlier stages of the Eng. language: s. OED s.v. ‘colt’.—HKuhn, Das Reittier Jesu usw., ZNW 50, ’59, 82–91; OMichel, Einzugsgeschichte, NTS 6, ’59/60, 81f.—S. also the lit. s.v. ὄνος.—B. 171. DELG. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.

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